There are two types, common buckthorn and glossy buckthorn.

Both are non-native to Minnesota. Common and glossy buckthorn both look like shrubs or small trees that produce dark-colored berries.

Mature buckthorn has distinct-looking bark. It is smooth with small white bumps. Buckthorn leaves are oval in shape, glossy with deep veins and have a toothed edge. Glossy buckthorn looks similar but has glossier leaves.

Learn more about identifying buckthorn from the Minnesota DNR website.

The best method for removing buckthorn depends on the size of the plants and how many you wish to remove.

Option 1

For very small plants, hand-pulling or using an uprooting tool can be an effective solution. This works best on plants that are less than 3/8 of an inch in diameter. When using this method it is important to uproot the plant. The City offers an Uprooter and Uprooter Mini for residents to borrow to help get rid of buckthorn on their private property. Learn more about the Uprooter Loan Program and how to make a reservation.

Option 2

When dealing with an infestation of buckthorn greater than 2 inches in diameter, the best method is to cut the buckthorn at ground level and chemically treat the stump. Treat the stump within 2 hours of cutting with glyphosate (Roundup) or triclopyr (Garlon 3A or Garlon 4). It is important to treat the stump because buckthorn will continue to grow from the same root system.

For more in-depth information on how to properly remove buckthorn, including specific chemicals that are effective and their rate of application, visit the Minnesota DNR’s buckthorn management page.

Important: If you are working near water and applying any chemical to buckthorn, be sure to use an aquatic-approved herbicide, such as Rodeo, to prevent damage to fish and other aquatic life. The herbicide label states if the chemical is safe to use near surface water. Do not use a chemical that is not safe to use near water.

The City has limited resources to remove buckthorn on City property.

Unfortunately buckthorn is the most devastating invasive woody plant in Minnesota, and it is not feasible for the City to remove it from all 2,000+ acres of natural spaces.

Parks and Recreation Department staff members locate areas in City parks and natural spaces where buckthorn can be sustainably managed. Restoration on these sites can take many years.

Important: You must complete a Vegetation Management Plan Application and have the plan approved before starting any work in wetland buffer areas, conservation easements, on steep slopes, in a shoreland area or on City-owned property.